How do I calculate energy demand?

List every appliance, its wattage, daily runtime, and starting surge. Calculate watt-hours before selecting system capacity.

How much battery capacity is necessary?

Multiply daily consumption by required autonomy days, then add 20–30% reserve for conversion losses, temperature, and battery aging.

How large should my solar array be?

Solar array size depends on daily energy demand, peak sun hours, panel losses, shading, and seasonal weather at your site.

What inverter size should I select?

Choose an inverter exceeding continuous load and handling the highest simultaneous starting surge from pumps, compressors, or power tools.

When is hybrid backup worthwhile?

Use LiFePO4 for frequent cycling, diesel generators for sustained heavy loads, and hybrid systems for resilience and fuel efficiency.